Wednesday, 8 November 2017

macos - What is the "wheel" user in OS X?


I recently reinstalled iTunes and I noticed something peculiar. The "original" version of iTunes has a user in the permissions known as "wheel" that is set to "Read Only". I dragged this version of iTunes to the trash and installed a new copy, and when I look at the properties for iTunes it no longer says wheel, but rather just admin.


Here is a screenshot with the new version (left) and the old version (right):


enter image description here


What is the "wheel" user"? How is it set (I can't seem to set it in the GUI)? Why would the permissions be different now? It's not a problem, I'm just terribly curious.



Answer



Some color:


Mac OS X has roots in BSD UNIX, a.k.a. the UNIX that came out of UC Berkeley. They had a group of trusted people that could become superuser by using the su command. So they coded their UNIX to only allow people in this specific group to become superuser using su. They chose the groupname 'wheel', supposedly reference to other systems that had WHEEL, possibly a reference to being a 'big wheel'


It's less important now that you have the GUI authorization popups and sudo. You can use sudo without being in wheel group I believe.


As far as how to change to wheel, chgrp should be your friend, once you're root.


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